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India has significantly tightened traffic rules over the last few years to improve road safety and reduce accidents. With the implementation of the Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act, traffic violations now attract much heavier fines than before. Many drivers are still unaware of the updated penalties and end up paying large challans unnecessarily. Below is an updated list of the top 10 traffic violations in India that can result in heavy fines, along with the penalties you should know about.

Driving Without a Valid Driving Licence
Driving without a valid licence is considered a serious offence in India. If caught, the fine can go up to ₹5,000. In some cases, the vehicle may also be seized until a valid licence is produced. This rule applies equally to expired licences and learners driving without proper supervision.

Drunk Driving or Driving Under the Influence
Drunk driving is one of the most dangerous traffic violations and carries strict penalties. If a driver is found driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs, the fine can be up to ₹10,000 or imprisonment for up to six months for the first offence. Repeat offences can attract a fine of ₹15,000 along with imprisonment of up to two years.

Overspeeding
Overspeeding continues to be a leading cause of road accidents in India. The fine for light motor vehicles ranges from ₹1,000 to ₹2,000, while for medium and heavy vehicles it can go up to ₹4,000. In severe cases, the driving licence may also be suspended.

Not Wearing a Helmet
Two-wheeler riders without a helmet face a fine of ₹1,000 and suspension of licence for three months. This rule applies to both the rider and the pillion passenger in many states. Helmets must also meet safety standards, as non-standard helmets can still attract penalties.

Not Wearing a Seat Belt
Failing to wear a seat belt while driving or riding in the front seat can result in a fine of ₹1,000. Many states have also started enforcing seat belt rules for rear seat passengers, making compliance more important than ever.

Using a Mobile Phone While Driving
Using a mobile phone while driving, including texting or calling without hands-free devices, can lead to a fine of ₹5,000. This violation is strictly monitored through traffic cameras and on-ground enforcement due to the high risk it poses to road safety.

Jumping Traffic Signals
Signal jumping not only disrupts traffic flow but also increases accident risks. The penalty for jumping a red light is ₹1,000 to ₹5,000. Repeat offenders may face licence suspension in addition to the fine.

Driving Without Insurance
Every vehicle in India must have at least third-party insurance. Driving without valid insurance can attract a fine of ₹2,000 for the first offence and ₹4,000 for subsequent offences. In some cases, drivers may also face imprisonment of up to three months.

Overloading of Vehicles
Overloading, especially in commercial vehicles, is a serious violation. The fine for overloading can be ₹20,000 plus ₹2,000 for every extra tonne of load. Authorities may also detain the vehicle until excess load is removed.

Dangerous or Rash Driving
Rash or dangerous driving, including aggressive lane changes and road rage, can result in a fine of ₹5,000 for the first offence and ₹10,000 for repeat offences. In extreme cases involving injury or death, criminal charges may also apply.

Conclusion
Traffic fines in India are no longer minor inconveniences. With stricter enforcement, digital challans, and CCTV-based monitoring, violations are easily detected and penalised. Understanding these rules not only helps you avoid heavy fines but also contributes to safer roads for everyone. Staying informed, following traffic laws, and driving responsibly is always cheaper and safer than paying a challan later.

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